1.   But as more bonds were backed by real estate, institutional investors were learning.

2.   American investors are learning the hard way, that when an investor has to cough up cash because his foreign investments are cratering, he sells whatever he can.

3.   An investor can learn these things by talking to the fund company and reading shareholder reports.

4.   An NASD spokesman says investors would learn of the previous name if they called NASD to inquire about the company.

5.   As bond investors have sadly learned this year, rising rates mean declining bond prices.

6.   As investors have learned all too well this past year, calculating risk is important.

7.   As some investors have learned to their surprise in recent years, they may already have as much exposure -- or more -- to emerging markets as they want.

8.   As the year progressed and more investors learned humility the hard way, many turned away from stock-picking and toward mutual funds, including the stodgier ones.

9.   A wise investor learns to focus on his or her own needs rather than allow the family strings to tug.

10.   But investors since have learned that at least three directors had such ties.