1.   Carole Schwartz wears an estrogen patch in the hope of warding off the osteoporosis that left her mother shriveled with collapsed vertebrae.

2.   Estrogen patches such as Climara, Vivelle and Estraderm contain this form of estrogen, as do the oral forms of estrogen marketed as Estrace, Estratab and Ogen.

3.   She immediately started using estrogen patches, gradually increasing the dosage, to build it back up.

4.   Instead of keeping the elephants from going into heat, the estrogen patches kept them in constant heat.