1.   Beijing has accused local officials too busy making money under the market-oriented reforms of encouraging separatism through negligence if not outright collusion.

2.   Mahfud acknowledged having no concrete evidence that Maness had spied, but told the newspaper he was suspected of encouraging separatism.

3.   In the speech, Hanson said governments were encouraging separatism by providing opportunities, land, money and facilities only to Aborigines.

4.   Meanwhile in Belgrade, the Yugoslav government issued a statement Friday accusing Albania and its president Sali Berisha of encouraging separatism among Albanians in Kosovo.

5.   Some of the deputies then fled abroad, having lost their parliamentary immunity and fearing prosecution for encouraging Kurdish separatism and engaging in anti-state activity.