71.   During apartheid rule, white officials too scared to survey black townships flew over in helicopters and estimated the population.

72.   Few people in this squalid black township get white visitors.

73.   Firing Mrs. Mandela could allow her to create an independent power base in squatter camps and black townships that could challenge the ANC in local elections this October.

74.   Former ANC member Joshua Rumo switched to the National Party and is running in the Rifilwe black township east of Pretoria.

75.   Gqosha was wounded Tuesday night in the vast black township on the outskirts of Johannesburg.

76.   He attributed the improved results to fewer disruptions of daily life in black townships since the election.

77.   He noted people in neighboring Alexandra black township still failed to pay what they owed, continuing the apartheid-era practice.

78.   He said the attack on the home of anti-apartheid activist Victor Ntuli in the KwaMakutha black township killed women and children.

79.   Her ministry moved quickly to persuade lenders to help potential homeowners in the poor black townships that banks once shunned.

80.   In his armored limousine, Clinton rode past cinder block houses and wooden shacks in Thokoza and Soweto, two black townships on the outskirts of Johannesburg.