51.   The dominant characteristic of political decision-making when compared with market mechanisms is not that those who benefit from public expenditure are those who make the most noise politically.

52.   Le Grand is one author who documents this view of the effects of UK public expenditure.

53.   In the CSO exercise the majority of public expenditure is ignored because goods or services offering non-rival benefits are viewed as not conferring benefits on individual households as such.

54.   If taxation finance is not available to cover public expenditure, governments must resort to debt finance or increases in the money supply to finance their activities.

55.   Even the new British review of public expenditure has ruled them out.

56.   Second, the government taxes its citizens excessively to fund public expenditure, and excessive taxation blunts risk-taking and economic effort.

57.   In the second case, public expenditure controls over capital development inhibit the entry of public competitors and the heavy sunk costs of hospital development deter private ones.

58.   There is a need to fund the deficit in public expenditure.

59.   We need to improve the quality of public expenditure with more money on primary health care and education and less on defence and parastatal subsidies.

60.   That is why on this side we resist the proposals which come from members opposite to add to public expenditure every day of the week.