51.   We have the civil-rights movement but not the abortion-rights debate, the Salk polio vaccine but not penicillin.

52.   When polio vaccines go bad due to heat exposure, there is no change in appearance.

53.   Oral polio vaccine, or OPV, is the only drug that causes immunity in the intestine, where polio grows before it causes paralysis.

54.   A U.S. federal advisory panel Thursday recommended replacing the oral polio vaccine with the injected version to reduce the chance of contracting the paralyzing disease.

55.   At dawn in the capital, officials and volunteers collected polio vaccines from cold storage centers and took them to the temporary immunization stations.

56.   Armed with batches of oral polio vaccine and bottles of liquid Vitamin A, the workers headed into the field Tuesday.

57.   Back then, there were no polio vaccines, no blood-clotting products for hemophiliacs and only eight drugs listed for cancer.

58.   Before the polio vaccine, standard medicine offered little help.

59.   Examples include the Sabin oral polio vaccine and shots to prevent smallpox, mumps, rubella, measles and yellow fever.

60.   For years, there has been speculation that the polio vaccine was grown in chimpanzee kidney cell cultures that carried the precursor virus.