51.   Asking Japan, its former colonial ruler, for help was almost as galling as going to the IMF.

52.   At least one opposition group, the United National Independent Party of former ruler Kenneth Kaunda, is boycotting the election.

53.   Authorities foiled a coup attempt in Qatar in February that the government blamed on supporters of the former ruler, Sheik Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani.

54.   At the presidential palace, President Pascal Lissouba accepted visitors to dispel reports by the rebel loyal to a former military ruler that the building had been captured.

55.   Authorities foiled a coup attempt in Qatar in February which the government blamed on supporters of the former ruler, Sheik Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani.

56.   Belgium is the former colonial ruler of Congo, formerly known as Zaire.

57.   Belgium was also the former colonial ruler in Zaire, formerly known as the Belgian Congo.

58.   Belgium, the former colonial ruler, France and the United States supported Mobutu for three decades while he plundered the country and destroyed civil order.

59.   Both Eritrea and its former ruler, Ethiopia, are on the Africa side of the Red Sea while the Arab countries are on the Arabia peninsula.

60.   But business leaders complain they lose four trading hours a day with neighboring South Africa, the former colonial ruler of Namibia.