11.   The vertical axis is a measure of the probability of acceptance of an item by the user.

12.   The vertical axis is the potential, in this case the best possible solution to the design problem.

13.   The first term is the point at which the line cuts the vertical axis.

14.   If the disc is subjected to an angular displacement and then released, the sample will twist backwards and forwards about the vertical axis.

15.   They are established by the extension of any of the budget segments backwards to the right-side vertical axis.

16.   Real national income is measured on the horizontal axis and the price level and the marginal cost of production are measured on the vertical axis.

17.   The rate of change of money wages is measured along the vertical axis and the excess demand variable,, is measured along the horizontal axis.