11.   Environment Secretary, Michael Howard, laid out a broad range of economic options, including tradeable pollution emissions, carbon taxes, road pricing and higher fuel prices.

12.   All European Community members except the UK are now backing the proposed carbon tax.

13.   He also believed there was a need from credible studies of the economic and social impact of reduced energy consumption, carbon taxes and command and control initiatives.

14.   The European Community is expected to respond to the US move by introducing a carbon tax.

15.   Both the economists and the study suggested that one mechanism could be a carbon tax that would make coal and petroleum fuels more costly and discourage consumption.

16.   A comprehensive carbon tax that took in other fuels, such as coal, would be much greener than just gasoline taxes.

17.   A better way forward is a carbon tax, which penalizes dirtier fuels like coal more than cleaner ones like natural gas.

18.   Countries with existing energy taxes could reduce them while a new international carbon tax was imposed on countries without preexistent energy taxes.

19.   He favors a carbon tax in principle, but gives no indication of how big it would have to be.

20.   Many economists see a carbon tax as the most economically efficient way to reduce emissions.